Space Settlements: A Design Study

acceleration agricultural aluminum animals appendix assumed asteroids atmosphere beam Bernal sphere billion bucket carbon catcher chemical colonists colony components cosmic rays costs crew criteria electricity electron energy Engineering environment extraterrestrial extraterrestrial communities fabrication factor Figure geosynchronous orbit gravity H₂O habitable volume human interceptor rockets ionizing IOTV labor launch low Earth orbit lunar base lunar material lunar parking lunar soil lunar surface m²/person magnetic man-years mass catcher mass driver mass launcher metal meteoroid Moon NASA needed nuclear oxygen particles payload pellet percent population possible processing production projected area propellant pseudogravity radiation radius ratio rectenna Research rocket rotation satellite solar power shield shuttle solar furnace solar power stations space colonization space habitat sphere SSPS STANFORD TORUS structural mass tion torus transportation tube vehicle velocity waste